Rheumatology (bones and joints)

Joint pain

1

🦴 What are joint pains?

Joint pains are painful sensations localized in one or more joints (knees, elbows, hips, fingers, etc.). They can be related to inflammation, cartilage wear, or chronic diseases such as osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis.

2

📍 Common Symptoms

🔵 Pain during activity or at rest
🔵 Morning stiffness or difficulty moving the joint
🔵 Swelling or local warmth
🔵 Sensation of cracking or locking
🔵 Redness and loss of mobility

3

⚠️ Common Causes

🦠 Arthritis (inflammation due to infection or autoimmune disease)
⚙️ Osteoarthritis (cartilage wear related to age or overload)
🤕 Trauma or sprain
🧬 Diseases like gout or lupus
📉 Poor posture or excessive physical activity

4

🚨 When to Consult?

🔵 Persistent or intense pain despite rest
🔵 Swelling, redness, or warmth in a joint
🔵 Prolonged morning stiffness (> 30 minutes)
🔵 Pain accompanied by fever or fatigue
🔵 Loss of mobility or visible joint deformity

5

💊 Treatment and Prevention

💊 Painkillers, anti-inflammatories or injections
🏋️ Gentle physical activity (walking, stretching)
🧴 Application of heat or cold depending on the cause
⚖️ Weight loss if overweight
🧘 Relaxation techniques to reduce joint stress

6

🧬 What AidHealth offers

📞 Teleconsultation with a rheumatologist
📋 AI questionnaire to assess pain and its location
📤 Prescriptions for treatment or tests (X-ray, blood work)
🎓 Personalized advice on physical activity and nutrition
📲 Regular symptom follow-up and treatment adjustment

Back pain

1

🪑 What is back pain?

Back pain, also called rachialgia, refers to any pain located along the spine: neck (cervical pain), mid-back (dorsalgia), or lower back (lumbar pain). It can be acute (lasting a few days) or chronic (lasting several weeks).

1

🪑 What is back pain?

Back pain, also called rachialgia, refers to any pain located along the spine: neck (cervical pain), mid-back (dorsalgia), or lower back (lumbar pain). It can be acute (lasting a few days) or chronic (lasting several weeks).

3

⚠️ Possible causes

📦 Poor posture or heavy lifting
🛌 Unsuitable mattress or chair
🧬 Osteoarthritis, herniated disc, or scoliosis
⚖️ Overweight or lack of physical activity
🧠 Stress and muscle tension

4

🚨 When to consult?

🔵 Persistent pain lasting more than 7 days
🔵 Very intense or sudden pain
🔵 Pain radiating to the legs or arms
🔵 Muscle weakness, numbness, tingling
🔵 Fever or associated weight loss

5

💊 Treatment and prevention

💊 Painkillers, anti-inflammatories, or muscle relaxants
🏃 Regular physical activity (stretching, swimming)
🪑 Improving posture and ergonomics
🧘 Relaxation and breathing exercises
🩺 Physiotherapy or osteopathy sessions

6

🧬 What AidHealth offers

📞 Teleconsultation with a rheumatologist
📋 AI diagnosis based on location, intensity, and duration
📤 Prescriptions for medications and exams (MRI, X-ray)
🎓 Prevention program and postural advice
📲 Digital monitoring of pain and symptom evolution

Sprains

1

🦶 What is a sprain?

A sprain is an injury to one or more ligaments of a joint, occurring after a sudden movement or misstep. It can be mild (stretching), moderate (partial tear), or severe (ligament rupture).

2

📍 Typical Symptoms

🔵 Sharp pain immediately after the injury
🔵 Rapid swelling of the joint
🔵 Difficulty or inability to put weight on the foot or use the limb
🔵 Bruising or discoloration
🔵 Feeling of joint instability

3

⚠️ Common Causes

🤸 Sudden awkward movement or twisting
⚽ Intense or insufficiently warmed-up sports activity
🚶‍♂️ Fall or slip
👠 Wearing unstable or unsuitable shoes
🦴 History of ligament weakness

4

🚨 When to consult?

🔵 Persistent intense pain at rest
🔵 Inability to move or put weight on the affected limb
🔵 Significant swelling or hematoma
🔵 Suspected associated fracture
🔵 Recurrent sprain or chronic instability

5

💊 Treatment and Prevention

🧊 Apply ice for 10–15 minutes (3x/day)
🛏️ Rest and elevate the injured limb
🩹 Compression bandage or splint
🏃 Physical therapy rehabilitation
👟 Proper footwear and warm-up before activity

6

🧬 What AidHealth Offers

📞 Teleconsultation with a trauma specialist
📋 AI diagnosis to assess the severity of the sprain
📤 Prescriptions for anti-inflammatories or imaging
🎓 Rehabilitation advice and home exercises
📲 Progress tracking and recurrence prevention

Osteoarthritis

1

🦴 What is osteoarthritis?

Osteoarthritis is a chronic joint disease characterized by a progressive wearing down of cartilage. It can affect knees, hips, fingers, spine, and causes pain, stiffness, and difficulty moving.

2

📍 Common symptoms

🔵 Joint pain during activity or at rest
🔵 Morning stiffness of short duration
🔵 Loss of flexibility or mobility
🔵 Cracking sounds during movement
🔵 Deformation or swelling of the joint

3

⚠️ Causes and risks

📈 Natural aging
⚖️ Overweight or obesity
🤕 Past or repetitive joint trauma
🧬 Family history
💼 Intense physical activity or repetitive movements

4

🚨 When to consult?

🔵 Persistent pain despite rest
🔵 Joint stiffness or locking
🔵 Difficulty walking or moving around
🔵 Loss of strength or mobility in a limb
🔵 Impact on daily activities

5

💊 Traitement et prévention

💊 Antalgiques, anti-inflammatoires, infiltrations
🏃 Activité physique adaptée (vélo, natation)
🧴 Perte de poids si surpoids
🩺 Rééducation avec kinésithérapeute
⚙️ Appareillage (canne, genouillère) si besoin

6

🧬 What AidHealth Offers

📞 Teleconsultation with a rheumatologist
📋 AI assessment of osteoarthritis stage and pain level
📤 Prescriptions for medical treatment and imaging
🎓 Personalized advice on nutrition and physical activity
📲 Progress tracking and remote exercise program

Gout

1

🦶 What is gout?

Gout is an inflammatory joint disease caused by an excess of uric acid in the blood. This leads to the formation of crystals in the joints, causing sudden and very intense pain.

2

📍 Typical Symptoms

🔵 Sharp, sudden pain, often at night
🔵 Joint that is red, hot, and swollen
🔵 Frequently affects the big toe (podagra)
🔵 Difficulty moving the joint
🔵 Recurrent attacks without treatment

3

⚠️ Causes and Risk Factors

🍖 Diet high in red meat and organ meats
🍺 Alcohol consumption, especially beer
🧬 Genetic predisposition
💊 Certain medications (diuretics, aspirin)
🧓 Kidney or metabolic disease

4

🚨 When to consult?

🔵 First painful flare-up of a joint
🔵 Recurrent attacks or persistent pain
🔵 Fever associated with joint pain
🔵 Sudden unexplained swelling
🔵 Appearance of hard nodules under the skin (tophi)

5

💊 Treatment and Prevention

💊 Anti-inflammatories, colchicine or corticosteroids
💊 Long-term treatment to lower uric acid (allopurinol)
🥗 Reduce consumption of meat and alcohol
💧 Proper daily hydration
⚖️ Weight loss if necessary

6

🧬 What AidHealth Offers

📞 Teleconsultation with a rheumatologist
📋 AI assessment of flare-up risk and symptom tracking
📤 Prescriptions for acute and long-term treatments
🎓 Dietary advice to prevent recurrences
📲 Digital monitoring of progress and personalized reminders

Sciatica

1

🦵 What is sciatica?

Sciatica is pain caused by compression or irritation of the sciatic nerve, the longest nerve in the human body. It starts in the lower back and travels down the back of the leg, sometimes reaching the foot.

2

📍 Common Symptoms

🔵 Sharp or burning pain in the buttock and leg
🔵 Numbness or tingling in the leg
🔵 Muscle weakness in the foot or leg
🔵 Pain worsened by sitting or standing
🔵 Difficulty walking or lifting the leg

3

⚠️ Common Causes

🧱 Herniated disc (disc pressing on the nerve)
🏋️ Poor posture or heavy lifting
🦴 Lumbar osteoarthritis
👵 Aging of the spine
🏃 Wrong movement or lower back trauma

4

🚨 When to consult?

🔵 Intense pain that doesn't go away after a few days
🔵 Weakness or loss of sensation in a leg
🔵 Difficulty controlling bladder or bowels
🔵 Recurrent sciatic pain attacks
🔵 Fever or associated weight loss

5

💊 Treatment and Prevention

💊 Painkillers, anti-inflammatories, muscle relaxants
🛏️ Moderate rest but avoid prolonged immobilization
🏃 Gentle exercises, targeted physical therapy
🪑 Improve posture at work and at rest
⚖️ Maintain a stable weight to relieve pressure on the spine

6

🧬 What AidHealth Offers

📞 Teleconsultation with a rheumatologist or neurologist
📋 AI diagnosis based on symptoms and affected areas
📤 Prescriptions for tests (MRI, X-ray) and treatment
🎓 Exercise program to relieve and prevent pain
📲 Regular monitoring and alerts in case of complications

Rheumatoid arthritis

1

🧬 What is rheumatoid arthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that attacks the joints. It typically affects both sides of the body and can lead to pain, swelling, and progressive joint deformity.

2

📍 Common Symptoms

🔵 Bilateral joint pain (wrists, fingers, knees...)
🔵 Prolonged morning stiffness (> 30 minutes)
🔵 Swelling, redness, and warmth of the joints
🔵 Fatigue, mild fever, weight loss
🔵 Progressive joint deformity without treatment

3

⚠️ Causes and Risk Factors

🧬 Genetic predisposition
👩‍🦰 More common in women
🧪 Immune system dysfunction
🚬 Smoking (aggravating factor)
🌍 Triggering infections or environmental factors

4

🚨 When to consult?

🔵 Persistent joint pain or stiffness
🔵 Symmetrical involvement of multiple joints
🔵 Unexplained fatigue or general discomfort
🔵 Swelling in fingers, wrists, or knees
🔵 Difficulty performing daily tasks

5

💊 Treatment and Management

💊 Anti-inflammatories, painkillers, corticosteroids
🧬 Biotherapies and immunosuppressants
🧴 Physical therapy to maintain mobility
🍎 Anti-inflammatory and balanced diet
🧘 Stress and sleep management

6

🧬 What AidHealth Offers

📞 Teleconsultation with a rheumatologist
📋 AI diagnosis to assess joint inflammation
📤 Prescriptions and follow-up for long-term treatment
🎓 Personalized coaching for disease management
📲 Regular monitoring and alerts in case of flare-ups

Ankylosing spondylitis

1

👶 What is a congenital heart defect?

It is a heart malformation present from birth, affecting the heart's valves, chambers, or vessels. Some are mild and cause no symptoms, while others require surgery or lifelong follow-up.

2

📍 Possible symptoms

😮‍💨 Difficulty breathing, especially during exertion or feeding
👄 Bluish lips or extremities (cyanosis)
📈 Growth delay or poor weight gain
🛏️ Rapid fatigue, heavy sweating in infants
🎧 Heart murmur detected on auscultation

3

🔍 Types of malformations

🕳️ Atrial or ventricular septal defect
🔀 Transposition of the great arteries
🔒 Pulmonary or aortic stenosis
💔 Tetralogy of Fallot
🔄 Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

4

🧬 Causes & Screening

🧪 Genetic or hereditary origin
💉 Maternal infection during pregnancy (rubella, etc.)
💊 Medications or toxic substances during pregnancy
🧑‍⚕️ Diagnosis by fetal or postnatal ultrasound
🩺 Follow-up with a pediatric cardiologist

5

🏥 Monitoring & Treatments

📊 Regular monitoring with cardiac ultrasound
💊 Medication treatment (in case of heart failure)
🩻 Surgical intervention (repair or replacement)
🧠 Monitoring of physical and mental development
🧒 Normal life possible after treatment in most cases

6

🧬 What AidHealth Offers

📞 Teleconsultation with a pediatric cardiologist
🍼 Infant monitoring and parental support
📲 Integrated digital health record and appointment alerts
🎓 Health education for affected families
🔁 Referral to partner specialized centers if needed

Osteoporosis

1

🦴 What is osteoporosis?

Osteoporosis is a silent bone disease characterized by a decrease in bone density and increased fragility. It significantly increases the risk of fractures, even after a minor impact.

2

📍 Common Symptoms

🔵 Repeated fractures (wrist, hip, vertebrae)
🔵 Chronic back pain
🔵 Progressive loss of height
🔵 Hunched back (kyphosis)
🔵 Fracture after minor effort or a slight fall

3

⚠️ Causes and Risks

👩‍🦳 Menopause and decreased estrogen levels
📉 Calcium and vitamin D deficiency
🧬 Family history of fractures
🚬 Smoking, alcohol, sedentary lifestyle
💊 Long-term corticosteroid use

4

🚨 When to consult?

🔵 Fracture occurring after minor trauma
🔵 Loss of height or hunched back
🔵 Persistent back pain
🔵 Postmenopausal woman with family history
🔵 Long-term corticosteroid treatment

5

💊 Prevention and Treatment

🥛 Calcium and vitamin D supplementation
🏃 Regular physical activity (walking, gentle strengthening)
💊 Anti-osteoporotic medications (bisphosphonates, etc.)
🌞 Moderate sun exposure
🚭 Quitting smoking and reducing alcohol consumption

6

🧬 What AidHealth Offers

📞 Teleconsultation with a rheumatologist
📋 AI evaluation of fracture risk and early screening
📤 Prescriptions for bone assessment (bone densitometry)
🎓 Nutritional advice and personalized physical activities
📲 Treatment monitoring and supplement intake alerts

Nutrition and bone health

1

🥦 Why is nutrition important?

A balanced diet helps strengthen bones and prevent their fragility. It is essential for bone growth in children and for preventing osteoporosis in adults and the elderly.

2

🍽️ Key Nutrients

🦴 Calcium: milk, cheese, sardines, green vegetables
☀️ Vitamin D: sunlight, eggs, fatty fish
💪 Proteins: eggs, meat, beans, chickpeas
🧂 Magnesium and zinc: nuts, seeds, whole grains
🥬 Vitamin K: spinach, broccoli, cabbage

3

🚫 To consume in moderation

🥤 Sodas and sugary drinks high in phosphates
☕ Excessive coffee or strong tea
🧂 Too much salt, which promotes calcium loss
🚬 Tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption
🍭 Ultra-processed foods poor in nutrients

4

👶👵 Age-Based Recommendations

👶 Children: dairy products, green vegetables, dried fruits
👩 Pregnant women: increased need for calcium and vitamin D
👩‍🦳 Seniors: rich diet + gentle physical activity
🧔 Adults: varied diet + sun exposure
🏃 Athletes: protein + minerals

5

💡 Useful Tips

🥛 Include 2 to 3 servings of dairy products per day
🌞 Get 15 minutes of sun exposure daily
🥗 Eat vegetables at every meal
🚶 Walk 30 minutes a day to strengthen bones
🧘‍♀️ Avoid restrictive diets without medical supervision

6

🧬 What AidHealth Offers

📞 Teleconsultation with a nutritionist or rheumatologist
📋 AI-based nutritional monitoring program for fragile bones
📤 Prescriptions for supplements (calcium, vitamin D)
🎓 Personalized dietary education based on the profile
📲 Reminders, recipes, and goal tracking via the app