Malaria
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๐ฆ Definition
Malaria is a serious infectious disease caused by a parasite (Plasmodium), transmitted through the bite of an Anopheles mosquito. It can be fatal without prompt treatment, especially in children and pregnant women.
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๐ Common symptoms
- ๐ก๏ธ Sudden high fever
- ๐ฐ Chills, intense sweating
- ๐คข Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
- ๐ค Extreme fatigue, headache
- ๐ง Child: drowsiness, seizures, coma (severe form)
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๐ฆ Transmission
- ๐ Bite from an infected mosquito (evening or night)
- ๐คฐ Possible mother-to-child transmission
- ๐งโโ๏ธ Rare: blood transfusion or contaminated syringe
- ๐ถ At-risk groups: children under 5 years old
- ๐คฐ Pregnant women, non-immune travelers
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๐ก๏ธ How to protect yourself?
- ๐๏ธ Sleep under an insecticide-treated mosquito net
- ๐งด Use repellents (spray, lotion)
- ๐ Wear long clothing in the evening
- ๐ Take preventive medication (for travelers)
- ๐ซ Avoid stagnant water around the home
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๐ Fast and Effective Treatment
- ๐ฉบ Rapid diagnostic test (RDT) in 15 minutes
- ๐ Treatment with artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT)
- โฑ๏ธ Start treatment as early as possible
- ๐ถ Pediatric formulations available for children
- โ ๏ธ Hospitalization in case of severe malaria
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๐ What AidHealth Offers
- ๐ Teleconsultation with a doctor at the first symptoms
- ๐ AI questionnaire for quick guidance
- ๐ Location of testing or treatment centers
- ๐ค Prescription for rapid test and ACT treatment
- ๐ฒ Seasonal alerts and prevention reminders
HIV/AIDS
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๐ฆ What is HIV/AIDS?
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) attacks the immune system. AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is the advanced stage, where the body can no longer fight off infections.
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๐ค How is HIV transmitted?
- ๐งโ๐คโ๐ง Unprotected sexual intercourse
- ๐ Sharing needles or sharp objects
- ๐คฐ Mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding
- ๐ฉธ Unscreened blood transfusion
- โ Not transmitted through contact, kissing, or sharing meals
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๐ Symptoms and Progression
- ๐ Silent phase: no signs for several years
- ๐ก Frequent infections, chronic fatigue
- ๐ด Weight loss, fever, night sweats
- ๐ฃ Organ damage, opportunistic infections (tuberculosis, candidiasis...)
- โ ๏ธ Without treatment, HIV progresses to AIDS
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๐ก๏ธ Preventing HIV
- ๐งด Use a condom for every sexual intercourse
- ๐งช Regular testing and treatment for both partners
- ๐ Do not share needles or razors
- ๐ Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for people at high risk
- ๐ฉโโ๏ธ Treat the mother during pregnancy
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๐ HIV Treatment
- ๐ Lifelong Antiretroviral Therapy (ART)
- ๐ Daily and consistent intake
- ๐ฉบ Medical follow-up with viral load monitoring
- ๐ต An effectively treated patient no longer transmits the virus (undetectable viral load)
- ๐ฅ Free access through several public health programs
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๐งฌ What AidHealth Offers
- ๐ Teleconsultation with an infectious disease specialist
- ๐ Anonymous testing and referral to partner centers
- ๐ Treatment follow-up and automated reminders
- ๐ค Therapeutic education and prevention advice
- ๐ฒ Psychological support and support groups
Hepatitis
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๐งช Definition
Hepatitis refers to inflammations of the liver caused by a virus. The most well-known forms are hepatitis A, B, and C, with different modes of transmission and varying degrees of severity.
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๐ค How is hepatitis transmitted?
- ๐ก Hepatitis A: contaminated food or water (fecal-oral route)
- ๐ต Hepatitis B: sexual contact, blood, mother-to-child transmission
- ๐ด Hepatitis C: transfusions, syringes, contaminated equipment
- โ ๏ธ Higher risk for healthcare workers and people who inject drugs
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๐ Common symptoms
- ๐ค Persistent fatigue
- ๐คข Nausea, abdominal pain
- ๐ Yellowing of the eyes and skin (jaundice)
- ๐ค Dark urine, pale stools
- โ Sometimes no symptoms for a long time (hepatitis B and C)
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โ ๏ธ Main Causes
- ๐ Diet high in saturated fats (fried foods, processed products)
- โ๏ธ Overweight or obesity
- ๐๏ธ Lack of physical activity
- ๐งฌ Heredity (familial hypercholesterolemia)
- ๐ฌ Smoking, alcohol
- ๐ฉบ Diabetes or liver diseases
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๐งฌ What AidHealth Offers
- ๐ฅ Adopt a balanced diet (fruits, vegetables, fiber)
- ๐ Favor healthy fats (olive oil, fatty fish)
- ๐ถโโ๏ธ Stay active at least 30 minutes a day
- ๐ญ Avoid smoking and reduce or eliminate alcohol
- ๐ Get vaccinated against hepatitis A and B (if not immune)
- ๐ฉบ Follow medical treatment if needed (antivirals, depending on the type of hepatitis)
- ๐ Get regular liver check-ups (blood tests, ultrasound if needed)
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๐งฌ What AidHealth Offers
- ๐ Teleconsultation with an infectious disease specialist
- ๐ค Prescription for liver testing (blood panel, viral load)
- ๐ฒ Result tracking and vaccination reminders
- ๐ Personalized education and prevention
- ๐ค Referral to specialized treatment in case of chronic disease
Typhoid
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๐ฆ Definition
Typhoid fever is a serious bacterial infection caused by Salmonella typhi. It is transmitted through contaminated water or food and mainly affects areas with poor hygiene conditions.
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๐ Symptoms to watch for
- ๐ก๏ธ Persistent high fever
- ๐ค Headaches, abdominal pain
- ๐ฉ Diarrhea or constipation
- ๐คข Nausea, loss of appetite
- ๐ค Extreme fatigue, confusion in severe cases
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๐ค How is it transmitted?
- ๐ฅค Contaminated water
- ๐ฒ Contaminated food (washed or handled with dirty hands)
- ๐ค Contact with an infected person (fecal-oral route)
- ๐ซ Not washing hands after using the toilet
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๐ก๏ธ Prevention
- ๐ง Drink safe water (boiled or filtered)
- ๐ฝ๏ธ Eat well-cooked food
- ๐งผ Wash hands regularly, especially before eating
- ๐ฝ Maintain toilet and surface hygiene
- ๐ Vaccination for at-risk individuals or travelers
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๐ Treatment
- ๐ Antibiotics prescribed based on antibiotic susceptibility testing
- ๐ฅค Rehydration in case of diarrhea
- ๐๏ธ Rest and appropriate diet
- โ ๏ธ Risk of intestinal perforation or sepsis if untreated
- ๐งช Diagnosis confirmed by blood test or stool culture
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๐ What AidHealth Offers
- ๐ Teleconsultation with a doctor in case of suspected fever
- ๐ AI questionnaire for immediate guidance
- ๐ค Prescription for tests (stool culture, blood culture)
- ๐ Online prescription of treatment
- ๐ Prevention advice and home follow-up
cholera
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๐ฆ Definition
Cholera is an acute diarrheal disease caused by the Vibrio cholerae bacterium. It spreads rapidly in situations of lack of clean water and hygiene, and can lead to severe dehydration or even death without treatment.
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๐ Common Symptoms
- ๐ฉ Profuse, watery diarrhea without fever
- ๐คข Sudden vomiting
- ๐ง Rapid dehydration: dry mouth, weakness
- ๐ค Extreme fatigue, sunken eyes, cramps
- โ ๏ธ Can lead to death within hours without rehydration
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๐ค Mode of transmission
- ๐ฅค Unsafe drinking water (wells, rivers, unsanitary storage)
- ๐ฒ Food prepared or washed with contaminated water
- ๐ Dirty hands after contact with fecal matter
- ๐จโ๐ฉโ๐งโ๐ฆ Close contact with an infected person (shared toilets, dishes)
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๐ก๏ธ Prevention
- ๐ง Drink only treated or boiled water
- ๐ฝ๏ธ Eat well-cooked foods, washed with safe water
- ๐งผ Wash hands frequently with soap and water
- ๐ฝ Use hygienic toilets
- ๐ Oral vaccine available in high-risk areas (preventive)
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๐ Treatment
- ๐ฅค Immediate oral rehydration (oral rehydration salts)
- ๐งด Intravenous fluids in case of severe dehydration
- ๐ Antibiotics in severe or prolonged cases
- ๐ฉบ Patient isolation in case of an outbreak
- ๐ Hospitalization for complicated cases
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๐ What AidHealth Offers
- ๐ Immediate teleconsultation in case of suspected diarrhea
- ๐ AI questionnaire to assess signs of dehydration
- ๐ค Online prescriptions for ORS and antibiotics
- ๐ฒ Prevention alerts in case of local outbreak
- ๐ Education on hygiene and access to clean water
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
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๐ฆ Definition
STIs are infections primarily transmitted through sexual contact, with or without penetration. They can be bacterial, viral, or parasitic and affect both men and women.
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๐ Common STIs
- ๐ฃ Chlamydia
- ๐ก Gonorrhea (the clap)
- ๐ด Syphilis
- ๐ข Genital herpes
- ๐ต Trichomoniasis, human papillomavirus (HPV), HIV
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๐ Possible Symptoms
- ๐ง Unusual discharge (penis or vagina)
- ๐ฅ Itching, burning sensation when urinating
- ๐ด Bumps, warts, or sores on the genitals
- ๐ Pelvic or testicular pain
- โ Sometimes no symptoms, especially in women
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๐ก๏ธ Prevention
- ๐งด Use a condom during every sexual encounter
- ๐ Get tested regularly, especially with multiple partners
- ๐ฉบ Treat any infection promptly
- ๐ HPV (Human Papillomavirus) vaccine available
- ๐ฃ Communicate openly with your partner
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โ ๏ธ Risks if Left Untreated
- ๐บ Infertility in women (fallopian tube infection)
- ๐น Testicular inflammation, sterility
- ๐ถ Transmission to the baby during childbirth
- ๐ฉธ Increased risk of contracting HIV
- ๐งฌ Chronic diseases or heart complications (syphilis)
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๐ What AidHealth Offers
- ๐ Anonymous and secure teleconsultation
- ๐ AI questionnaire to detect silent STIs
- ๐ค Prescription for lab tests or self-tests
- ๐ Online treatment and follow-up with medication reminders
- ๐ฒ Sexual health education and prevention
Urinary tract infections
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๐ง Definition
A urinary tract infection is a bacterial infection affecting the urinary system: bladder (cystitis), urethra (urethritis), kidneys (pyelonephritis). It is more common in women but can also affect men and children.
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๐ Common Symptoms
- ๐ฅ Burning sensation when urinating
- ๐ฝ Frequent urge to urinate
- ๐ง Cloudy or foul-smelling urine
- ๐ฉธ Blood in the urine
- ๐ก๏ธ Fever and lower back pain (if the kidneys are affected)
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โ ๏ธ Risk Factors
- ๐บ Female anatomy (short urethra)
- ๐ฆ Poor or excessive intimate hygiene
- ๐ป Urine retention, unprotected sexual intercourse
- ๐ Diabetes, pregnancy, prostate issues in men
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๐ก๏ธ Prevention
- ๐ฐ Drink plenty of water to flush the bladder
- ๐ป Urinate after each sexual intercourse
- ๐งผ Gentle and daily intimate hygiene
- ๐ Avoid tight clothing and synthetic underwear
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๐ Treatment
- ๐งช Urine dipstick or urine culture for diagnosis
- ๐ Antibiotics adapted to the identified bacteria
- ๐ Follow-up in case of recurrence or complication
- โ ๏ธ Never self-medicate without a test
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๐ What AidHealth Offers
- ๐ Fast teleconsultation at the first signs
- ๐ AI questionnaire to assess symptoms
- ๐ค Prescription for urine culture and antibiotics if needed
- ๐ฒ Monitoring of recurrences and intimate hygiene advice
Tuberculosis
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๐ฆ Definition
Tuberculosis is a contagious bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It primarily affects the lungs but can also impact other organs (lymph nodes, bones, kidneys...).
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๐ Common Symptoms
- ๐ฎโ๐จ Persistent cough (more than 2 weeks)
- ๐ฉธ Coughing up blood
- ๐ก๏ธ Fever, night sweats
- ๐ค Fatigue, weight loss
- โ Chest pain when breathing
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๐ค Transmission
- ๐ท Through the air (coughing, sneezing, droplets)
- ๐ Close contact: enclosed, poorly ventilated spaces
- ๐จโ๐ฉโ๐งโ๐ฆ Higher risk for people living with HIV
- ๐ Contagious until treated
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๐ Diagnosis & Treatment
- ๐งช Sputum test (Koch bacilli)
- ๐ธ Chest X-ray
- ๐ Minimum 6-month antibiotic treatment
- ๐ Strict follow-up required to avoid resistance
- โ ๏ธ Non-compliance = risk of relapse or transmission
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๐ก๏ธ Prevention
- ๐ BCG vaccine at birth
- ๐ Ventilate rooms and avoid overcrowding
- ๐ท Wear a mask in case of prolonged cough
- ๐ Regular screening in high-risk areas
- ๐ค Temporary isolation of confirmed cases
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๐ What AidHealth Offers
- ๐ Teleconsultation in case of prolonged cough
- ๐ AI questionnaire for early screening
- ๐ค Referral to a diagnostic center
- ๐ Prescription for treatment and reminders
- ๐ Education and support to follow the full 6-month course
Recommended vaccines
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๐ Why Get Vaccinated?
Vaccines help prevent serious and sometimes deadly diseases. They strengthen our immune system and also protect those around us by reducing the spread of germs.
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๐ฆ Preventable Diseases
- ๐ข Tuberculosis (BCG)
- ๐ก Measles, rubella, mumps
- ๐ต Polio, diphtheria, tetanus
- ๐ฃ Hepatitis B, whooping cough, pneumococcus
- ๐ด COVID-19, yellow fever, HPV (human papillomavirus)
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๐ Vaccination Schedule
- ๐ถ First vaccines from birth
- ๐ง Boosters at 6 months, 1 year, 6 years, 12 years
- ๐ฉโ๐ HPV vaccination for teenagers
- ๐ง Specific vaccines for the elderly
- โ๏ธ Vaccines required for certain trips (e.g. yellow fever)
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๐ฅ Special Recommendations
- ๐คฐ Specific vaccines for pregnant women (tetanus, flu)
- ๐ถ Premature or at-risk infants
- ๐ง Immunocompromised individuals or those with chronic illnesses
- โ๏ธ Travelers to endemic areas
- ๐งโโ๏ธ Healthcare professionals
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โ Common Misconceptions
- โ โVaccines are not effectiveโ โ โ False, they save millions of lives
- โ โVaccines make you sickโ โ โ Mild side effects are normal
- โ โIโm an adult, I donโt need vaccinesโ โ โ Boosters are sometimes necessary
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๐ What AidHealth Offers
- ๐ Personalized monitoring of the vaccination schedule
- ๐ฒ Reminder alerts for vaccines and boosters
- ๐ Teleconsultation with a doctor for vaccination advice
- ๐ค Prescription for vaccination at a partner center
- ๐ Education against vaccine misinformation
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