Cardiology (heart and blood vessels)

Hypertension

1

💓 What is Hypertension?

Hypertension (high blood pressure) is an abnormal rise in blood pressure in the arteries. It often has no symptoms but increases the risk of serious cardiovascular diseases such as stroke, heart failure, or heart attack.

2

📍 Possible Symptoms

🤕 Headaches, especially in the morning
🌀 Dizziness or lightheadedness
👁️ Vision problems (blurred vision, bright spots)
💓 Heart palpitations or shortness of breath with effort
🧠 Confusion or nosebleeds (in some cases)
⚠️ Sometimes no symptoms → screening is essential

3

⚠️ Common Causes

🍟 Diet high in salt
⚖️ Overweight or obesity
🛋️ Sedentary lifestyle, lack of physical activity
🚬 Smoking, alcohol, chronic stress
🧬 Family history
🎂 Advanced age or associated diabetes

3

⚠️ Common causes

🍟 Diet too high in salt
⚖️ Overweight or obesity
🛋️ Sedentary lifestyle, lack of physical activity
🚬 Smoking, alcohol, chronic stress
🧬 Family history
🎂 Advanced age or associated diabetes

5

🎯 Tips to prevent and manage

🥗 Eat a balanced, lower-salt diet
🚶 Do 30 minutes of physical activity per day
🧘 Reduce stress (relaxation, sleep)
🚭 Quit smoking and limit alcohol
💊 Take prescribed medications properly
📉 Regularly monitor your weight and blood pressure

6

🧬 What AidHealth offers

📲 Automatic blood pressure monitoring and personalized alerts
📞 Teleconsultation with a cardiologist
🤖 Preliminary diagnosis using medical AI
📋 Nutrition program and guided physical activity
🔔 Reminders for medication and check-ups

Heart attack (myocardial infarction)

1

❤️ What Is a Heart Attack?

A myocardial infarction, or heart attack, is a serious medical emergency caused by a blockage in a coronary artery. This prevents blood from flowing properly to the heart, resulting in the death of part of the heart muscle.

2

📍 Symptoms You Shouldn't Ignore

💥 Severe chest pain (pressure, burning sensation)
😰 Cold sweats, anxiety
😵 Dizziness, loss of consciousness
💪 Pain radiating to the left arm, jaw, or back
🤢 Nausea, shortness of breath
⚠️ In women, symptoms can be more subtle

3

⚠️ Common Causes

🧱 Blood clot blocking an artery
🩺 Uncontrolled high blood pressure
🩸 High cholesterol levels
🚬 Active or passive smoking
⚖️ Obesity, diabetes, severe stress
🧬 Family history of heart disease

4

🚨 React quickly

📞 Call emergency medical services immediately
🪑 Stay calm, sit or lie down
💊 Take an aspirin tablet (if prescribed)
🚑 Do not wait for the pain to go away on its own
👨‍⚕️ Quick treatment can save your life

5

🎯 Prevention and follow-up

💊 Follow your medical treatment daily
🥗 Adopt a heart-healthy diet
🚶 Gradually resume physical activity
🚭 Quit smoking permanently
🩺 Monitor your blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar
🧘 Reduce stress and get good sleep

6

🧬 What AidHealth offers

🩺 Post-heart attack follow-up with regular teleconsultations
📲 AI alerts to monitor signs of recurrence
💊 Support for medication adherence
🍽️ Personalized nutritional advice
🧘 Anti-stress program and psychological support

Cholestérol

1

🧪 What Is Cholesterol?

Cholesterol is a lipid (fat) naturally found in the blood. It is essential for the body’s proper functioning, but in excess, it can build up in the arteries and increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

2

⚖️ HDL vs LDL

✅ HDL (good cholesterol): protects arteries by removing excess cholesterol
❌ LDL (bad cholesterol): builds up in arteries → plaque formation
📉 Too much LDL increases the risk of heart attack or stroke
📊 A blood test can measure these levels

3

📍 Symptoms & Risks

❗ Usually silent (no visible symptoms)
🧱 Risk of artery blockage (atherosclerosis)
❤️ Heart attack (myocardial infarction)
🧠 Stroke (cerebrovascular accident)
🦵 Leg pain while walking (peripheral artery disease)

4

⚠️ Main causes

🍟 Diet high in saturated fats (fried foods, processed products)
⚖️ Overweight or obesity
🛋️ Lack of physical exercise
🧬 Heredity (familial hypercholesterolemia)
🚬 Smoking, alcohol
🩺 Diabetes or liver diseases

5

🎯 How to reduce it?

🥗 Eat more fruits, vegetables, and fiber
🐟 Favor healthy fats (olive oil, fatty fish)
🚶 Move at least 30 minutes per day
🚭 Avoid smoking and limit alcohol
💊 Take prescribed treatment if necessary (statins)
📅 Have regular cholesterol check-ups

6

🧬 What AidHealth offers

🩺 Teleconsultation with a cardiologist or nutritionist
📊 Monitoring of your lipid and blood pressure tests via AI
📱 Personalized advice to rebalance your diet
🔔 Reminders for exams and medication intake
🎓 Awareness of silent cardiovascular risks

Heart failure

1

💔 What is heart failure?

Heart failure is the inability of the heart to pump blood effectively to meet the body’s needs. It can be chronic or acute and requires careful medical monitoring.

2

📍 Symptoms to watch for

😮‍💨 Shortness of breath during activity or when lying down
🦵 Swelling in the legs, ankles, or abdomen
💤 Excessive fatigue or general weakness
💓 Palpitations or irregular heartbeat
💧 Rapid weight gain due to fluid retention
😴 Trouble sleeping or waking up breathless at night

3

⚠️ Common Causes

🧱 History of heart attack (myocardial infarction)
📈 Untreated high blood pressure
🩺 Heart valve disease
💉 Diabetes or obesity
⚠️ Excessive alcohol or drug use
🧬 Genetically inherited cardiomyopathies

4

📋 When to consult?

🚶 Unusual fatigue or shortness of breath on exertion
🧍 Swollen legs, unexplained weight gain
💓 Irregular or rapid heartbeat
🛏️ Nighttime respiratory distress
📉 History of heart problems or uncontrolled high blood pressure

5

🎯 Treatment & prevention

💊 Appropriate medications (diuretics, beta-blockers...)
🥗 Salt reduction, balanced diet
🚶 Gentle and regular physical activity
🚭 Avoid tobacco, limit alcohol
📊 Monitoring weight, blood pressure, and heart rate
📆 Regular appointments with the cardiologist

6

🧬 What AidHealth offers

📞 Regular teleconsultations with a cardiologist
📲 Monitoring symptom progression via AI
🔔 Alerts in case of signs of worsening
📋 Tailored diet and activity program
💊 Support for medication adherence and scheduling check-ups

Palpitations

1

💓 What Are Palpitations?

Palpitations are unusual or strong sensations of the heartbeat, felt as too fast, irregular, or intense. They can be temporary or a sign of an underlying heart condition.

2

📍 Typical Signs

⚡ Fast, strong, or irregular heartbeats
😰 Feeling like the heart skips a beat
😵 Dizziness or lightheadedness
🧍 Fatigue or shortness of breath
💫 Anxiety triggered or worsened

3

⚠️ Possible Causes

☕ Excessive consumption of coffee, tobacco, or alcohol
🥵 Stress, anxiety, or strong emotions
📈 Hyperthyroidism
💊 Side effects of certain medications
💓 Heart rhythm disorders (arrhythmias, fibrillation)
⚠️ Heart disease or electrolyte imbalance

4

📋 When to Worry?

🕐 Frequent or prolonged palpitations
😵 Dizziness, fainting, or chest pain
💊 Taking medication that affects heart rhythm
📉 Unusual fatigue and shortness of breath
🧬 Family history of heart conditions

5

🎯 Useful Tips

🧘 Reduce stress through breathing or meditation
🚫 Avoid stimulants (coffee, nicotine, energy drinks)
🛌 Get enough sleep and reduce screen time at night
📉 Avoid overexertion or sudden intense effort
🩺 Get a heart check-up if symptoms persist

6

🧬 What AidHealth Offers

🩺 Quick teleconsultation with a cardiologist
📲 AI-powered tracking of palpitation episodes
🎓 Personalized advice and stress management tips
📋 Remote assessments and guidance for further tests
🔔 Smart alerts in case of recurring symptoms

Stroke (Cerebrovascular Accident - CVA)

1

🧠 What is a Stroke?

A stroke (Cerebrovascular Accident) occurs when a part of the brain no longer receives enough blood, either due to a clot (ischemic stroke) or bleeding (hemorrhagic stroke). It is a critical medical emergency.

2

🚨 Warning Signs

🗣️ Sudden difficulty speaking or understanding
😵 Paralysis or numbness on one side of the body
👁️ Sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes
🚶 Loss of balance, dizziness
💥 Sudden and severe headache with no clear cause

3

🔍 Types of Stroke

🧱 Ischemic stroke: artery blocked by a clot (85% of cases)
💥 Hemorrhagic stroke: rupture of an artery causing bleeding
🕐 In all cases, every minute counts to reduce long-term damage

4

⚠️ Causes and Risk Factors

📈 High blood pressure
🩺 Poorly controlled diabetes
💊 High cholesterol
🚬 Smoking and alcohol consumption
⚖️ Obesity and lack of physical activity
🧬 Family history of vascular diseases

5

🛡️ Preventing a Stroke

🥗 Eat healthy, reduce salt and fat intake
🚶 Exercise daily
🚭 Avoid smoking and limit alcohol
🩺 Monitor blood pressure and diabetes
💊 Take medications regularly if prescribed

6

🧬 What AidHealth Offers

📲 AI tool for quick stroke symptom evaluation
📞 Emergency teleconsultation with a neurologist or cardiologist
📋 Personalized prevention program (high blood pressure, diabetes...)
🔔 Alerts to monitor blood pressure and medication adherence
🧠 Post-stroke follow-up (recovery, memory, speech)

Valvular heart disease

1

🔁 What is a valvular heart disease?

Valvular heart diseases affect the heart valves, which ensure proper blood flow between the heart chambers. The valves can become narrow (stenosis) or leaky (regurgitation), disrupting the heart's normal function.

2

📍 Symptoms to watch for

😮‍💨 Shortness of breath, especially during exertion or when lying down
💓 Palpitations or irregular heartbeat
🦵 Swelling of the legs or ankles
💤 Unusual fatigue
🧍 Dizziness or fainting spells
🎧 Heart murmur heard during auscultation

3

🔍 Types of Valve Lesions

🔒 Stenosis: narrowed valve, blood flows with difficulty
🌊 Regurgitation: leaking valve, blood flows backward
💔 Can affect: mitral, aortic, tricuspid, or pulmonary valves

4

⚠️ Main Causes

🎂 Natural aging of the heart valves
🦠 Rheumatic fever (in young adults)
🧬 Congenital malformations
🦠 Infective endocarditis (heart infection)
⚙️ Deterioration of valve prosthesis

5

❗ Long-Term Risks

📉 Heart failure
🧠 Stroke in case of migrated clot
💓 Heart rhythm disorder
🩺 Need for surgery (replacement or repair)

6

🧬 What AidHealth Offers

🩺 Teleconsultation with a cardiologist specialized in valvular diseases
📊 Monitoring of symptom progression and heart failure surveillance
📋 Pre- and post-valve surgery counseling
📱 AI alerts for blood pressure, heart rate, and weight tracking
🎥 Patient education on prosthetic valves and anticoagulant medications

Congenital heart diseases

1

👶 What is a Congenital Heart Disease?

It is a malformation of the heart present from birth, affecting the valves, chambers, or blood vessels of the heart. Some are mild and cause no symptoms, while others require surgery or lifelong monitoring.

2

📍 Possible Symptoms

😮‍💨 Difficulty breathing, especially during exertion or feeding
👄 Bluish lips or extremities (cyanosis)
📈 Poor growth or insufficient weight gain
🛏️ Quick fatigue, heavy sweating in infants
🎧 Heart murmur detected during auscultation

3

🔍 Types of Congenital Heart Defects

🕳️ Atrial or ventricular septal defect
🔀 Transposition of the great arteries
🔒 Pulmonary or aortic stenosis
💔 Tetralogy of Fallot
🔄 Patent ductus arteriosus

4

🧬 Causes & Screening

🧪 Genetic or hereditary origin
💉 Maternal infection during pregnancy (rubella, etc.)
💊 Medications or toxic substances during pregnancy
🧑‍⚕️ Diagnosis through fetal or postnatal ultrasound
🩺 Follow-up with a pediatric cardiologist

5

🏥 Monitoring & Treatment

📊 Regular monitoring with cardiac ultrasound
💊 Medication (in case of heart failure)
🩻 Surgical intervention (repair or replacement)
🧠 Monitoring of physical and mental development
🧒 Normal life possible after treatment in most cases

6

🧬 What AidHealth Offers

📞 Teleconsultation with a pediatric cardiologist
🍼 Infant monitoring and parental support
📲 Integrated digital health records and appointment alerts
🎓 Health education for affected families
🔁 Referral to specialized partner centers if needed

Heart rhythm disorders

1

🔁 What is a rhythm disorder?

Cardiac rhythm disorders (or arrhythmias) are abnormalities in the frequency or rhythm of the heartbeat. The heart may beat too fast (tachycardia), too slowly (bradycardia), or irregularly.

2

📍 Possible Symptoms

💓 Palpitations or irregular heartbeat
😵 Dizziness, lightheadedness
🛌 Unexplained fatigue
🧍 Discomfort or loss of consciousness
😮‍💨 Shortness of breath
🧠 Risk of stroke if left untreated (atrial fibrillation)

3

🔍 Common Types

⚡ Tachycardia: heart beats too fast
🐢 Bradycardia: heart beats too slowly
🌪️ Atrial fibrillation: disorganized beating of the atria
🔄 Extrasystoles: premature heartbeats
📉 Brief heart pauses (atrioventricular block)

4

⚠️ Possible Causes

🧠 Stress, anxiety
☕ Excessive caffeine, alcohol, or drug use
📈 High blood pressure, heart disease
🩸 Electrolyte imbalances
🧬 Congenital abnormality of the heart's electrical system
💊 Medications affecting heart rhythm

5

🛠️ How Are They Treated?

💊 Antiarrhythmic or anticoagulant medications
🧘 Stress management and healthy lifestyle
⚡ Cardioversion (controlled electric shock)
🔬 Radiofrequency ablation (definitive treatment)
📟 Pacemaker implantation (in case of bradycardia)

6

🧬 What AidHealth Offers

📲 Preliminary rhythm disorder screening via AI
📞 Teleconsultation with a cardiac electrophysiologist
📈 Regular pulse monitoring and danger alerts
🎓 Education on emergency response and prevention
📋 Support in managing anticoagulant treatments

Aneurysm

1

🩸 C’est quoi un anévrisme ?

Un anévrisme est une dilatation anormale d’un vaisseau sanguin, souvent une artère, due à un affaiblissement de sa paroi. Il peut toucher notamment l’aorte, le cerveau ou les jambes. Sa rupture peut entraîner une hémorragie grave, voire mortelle.

2

📍 Possible Symptoms

😶 Often silent until rupture
🩻 Sudden and intense chest, abdominal, or lower back pain
🧠 Severe headaches (if cerebral aneurysm)
🛌 Fatigue, dizziness, or loss of consciousness
⚠️ Neurological symptoms: vision disturbances, paralysis

3

🔍 Types of Aneurysms

🫀 Abdominal aortic aneurysm
🧠 Cerebral aneurysm
💔 Thoracic aortic aneurysm
🦵 Lower limb aneurysm

4

⚠️ Risk Factors

📈 High blood pressure
🚬 Smoking
⚖️ Overweight, sedentary lifestyle
🧬 Family history
💉 Atherosclerosis (fatty deposits clogging arteries)
🎂 Natural aging of blood vessels

5

🎯 Treatment & Monitoring

🩺 Regular monitoring by ultrasound or CT scan
💊 Treatment of high blood pressure and cholesterol
🚭 Smoking cessation
🔧 Surgical repair (stent placement or graft)
🍎 Healthy lifestyle to reduce risk factors

6

🧬 What AidHealth Offers

📞 Teleconsultation with a cardiologist or vascular surgeon
📲 Personalized follow-up for detected aneurysms
🔔 Alerts for check-up exams and medication reminders
🎓 Clear information for patients and their families
📋 Remote pre- and post-operative support

Diet for a healthy heart

2

✅ Recommended Foods

🥦 Fresh vegetables and fruits
🐟 Fatty fish (sardines, mackerel)
🌰 Unsalted nuts (almonds, walnuts)
🍚 Whole grains (brown rice, wholemeal bread)
🫒 Vegetable oils (olive, rapeseed)

1

🍽️ Why Eat Healthy?

A balanced diet reduces the risk of heart diseases such as hypertension, stroke, and heart attack. It helps manage weight, cholesterol, blood sugar, and blood pressure.

3

🚫 Foods to Limit

🍟 Fried foods and fast food
🍭 Refined sugars and sugary drinks
🥓 Fatty meats and processed meats
🧂 Excess salt
🥤 Excess energy drinks or alcohol

4

🧬 What AidHealth Offers

📋 Nutrition advice tailored to your medical profile
🎥 Heart-healthy recipe videos
📲 AI-based monitoring of weight and eating habits
📞 Teleconsultation with a dietitian or nutritionist

Physical activity and heart health

1

💪 Why stay active?

Regular physical activity strengthens the heart, lowers blood pressure, reduces cholesterol, and helps prevent heart attacks, strokes, and heart failure.

2

🏃 Activités recommandées

🚶 Marche rapide (30 min par jour)
🚴 Vélo ou vélo d'appartement
🏊 Natation douce
🧘 Yoga ou étirements
🕺 Danse ou jardinage actif

3

🎯 Practical Tips

⏱️ Start slowly, 10 minutes a day
📈 Gradually increase intensity
🩺 Seek medical advice first if you have a chronic illness
🤝 Get support to stay motivated
🚱 Stay well hydrated before, during, and after exercise

4

🧬 What AidHealth Offers

🧘 Simple home exercise programs
📲 AI reminders to stay active every day
📈 Activity and heart rate tracking
🎓 Education on the benefits of movement for heart health