Urinary tract infections
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๐ฆ What is a urinary tract infection?
A urinary tract infection is an infection caused by bacteria in a part of the urinary system: bladder (cystitis), urethra (urethritis), or kidneys (pyelonephritis). It mostly affects women, children, and elderly people.
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๐ Common Symptoms
- ๐ฅ Burning sensation during urination
- ๐ฝ Frequent need to urinate, sometimes in small amounts
- ๐ซ๏ธ Cloudy or foul-smelling urine
- ๐ฉธ Blood in the urine (hematuria)
- ๐ข Pelvic or lower back pain
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โ ๏ธ Possible Causes
- ๐บ Female anatomy (shorter urethra)
- ๐งผ Poor intimate hygiene or wiping from back to front
- ๐ Unprotected sexual intercourse
- ๐ท Urine retention or prolonged use of catheters
- ๐ Repeated infections or inappropriate antibiotics
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๐จ Warning Signs to Watch
- ๐ก๏ธ High fever with chills
- ๐ง Pain in the back or side (pyelonephritis)
- ๐ง Recurrent infections in children
- ๐ง Symptoms in elderly or diabetic individuals
- ๐ No improvement after 48h of treatment
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๐ Treatment and Prevention
- ๐ Prescription antibiotics
- ๐ง Drink plenty of water (1.5 to 2 liters/day)
- ๐ฝ Donโt hold in urine
- ๐ Urinate after sexual intercourse
- ๐งด Gentle and regular intimate hygiene
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๐งฌ What AidHealth Offers
- ๐ Teleconsultation with a healthcare professional
- ๐ AI questionnaire to identify early signs
- ๐ค Quick digital prescription if needed
- ๐ Personalized hygiene and prevention advice
- ๐ฒ Follow-up and recurrence alerts
Kidney stones
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๐ชจ What are kidney stones?
Kidney stones (or renal calculi) are solid clusters of mineral salts that form in the kidneys or urinary tract. They can be very painful when they move or block urine flow.
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๐ Common Symptoms
- โก Intense pain in the lower back or flank
- ๐ Pain radiating to the lower abdomen or groin
- ๐ฉ Nausea, vomiting
- ๐ฉธ Blood in urine (pink or red urine)
- ๐ฝ Frequent or urgent need to urinate, sometimes painful
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โ ๏ธ Possible Causes
- ๐ง Insufficient hydration
- ๐ฅฉ Excess salt, animal proteins, oxalates (chocolate, spinach...)
- ๐งฌ Family history
- ๐ Repeated urinary tract infections
- ๐ฉบ Certain diseases (gout, hyperparathyroidism...)
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๐จ Warning Signs
- ๐ฅ Sudden and persistent sharp pain
- ๐ก๏ธ Fever and chills (risk of infection)
- ๐ฉธ Visible blood in the urine
- ๐ Urine flow blockage
- ๐ง History of kidney stones or kidney disease
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๐ What to Do?
- ๐ง Drink plenty of fluids to promote natural elimination
- ๐ Prescribed pain relievers and anti-inflammatory drugs
- ๐งช Urine analysis and scan in case of recurrence
- ๐ Lithotripsy (shock waves) if the stone is too large
- ๐ฅฆ Reduce salt, oxalate-rich foods, and maintain good hydration
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๐งฌ What AidHealth Offers
- ๐ Teleconsultation with a nephrologist or urologist
- ๐ AI questionnaire to assess pain and risk factors
- ๐ค Digital prescription for exams or treatment
- ๐ฒ Ongoing monitoring of episodes and personalized advice
- ๐ Educational program to prevent recurrence
Kidney failure
1
๐งช What is kidney failure?
Kidney failure is a progressive or sudden loss of kidney function. The kidneys no longer properly filter waste from the blood, which causes disruption of the bodyโs balance and can be serious if untreated.
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๐ Common Symptoms
- ๐ง Rare, foamy, or dark urine
- ๐ด Persistent fatigue
- ๐ฆต Swelling of the legs or face (edema)
- ๐คข Nausea, loss of appetite
- ๐ญ Confusion, shortness of breath, or muscle cramps
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โ ๏ธ Possible Causes
- ๐ Uncontrolled high blood pressure
- ๐ Poorly controlled diabetes
- ๐ฆ Chronic or obstructive urinary tract infections
- ๐ Kidney-toxic medications (NSAIDs, self-medication)
- ๐งฌ Hereditary or immune-related kidney diseases
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๐จ Emergency Signs
- ๐ Near or complete stoppage of urination
- ๐ต Mental confusion or decreased alertness
- ๐ฅ Intense and persistent lower back pain
- ๐ก๏ธ Fever with chills and abnormal urine
- ๐ Abnormal creatinine or urea test results
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๐ Treatment and Prevention
- โ๏ธ Strict control of diabetes and blood pressure
- ๐ง Proper hydration (based on kidney condition)
- ๐ฅ Reduction of salt, protein, and potassium intake
- ๐ Kidney-protective medications as prescribed
- ๐ฉบ If worsened: dialysis or kidney transplant
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๐งฌ What AidHealth Offers
- ๐ Teleconsultation with a nephrologist
- ๐ AI-powered questionnaire to detect early warning signs
- ๐ค Prescription and monitoring of lab tests
- ๐ Dietary advice tailored to kidney health
- ๐ฒ Tracking app: blood pressure, urine, weight, treatment
Renal hypertension
1
๐ What is renal hypertension?
Renal hypertension is an increase in blood pressure caused by kidney disease or disease of their arteries. It can also worsen existing kidney damage if left uncontrolled.
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๐ Symptoms to watch for
- ๐ Blood pressure very difficult to control
- ๐ด Fatigue, shortness of breath
- ๐ข Frequent headaches
- ๐ Vision problems
- ๐ง Decreased or fluctuating urine output
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โ ๏ธ Possible causes
- ๐ฆ Renal artery disease (stenosis)
- ๐งฌ Chronic kidney diseases (glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease)
- ๐ Untreated kidney failure
- ๐งช Hormonal disorders (aldosterone, renin...)
- ๐ Self-medication or excess salt intake
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๐จ Warning signs
- ๐ Blood pressure above 180/110 despite treatment
- ๐ Need for multiple medications without success
- ๐ฉบ Rapid deterioration of kidney function
- ๐งช Presence of protein or blood in the urine
- ๐ก๏ธ Sudden onset of hypertension in a young person
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๐ Treatment and prevention
- ๐ Appropriate antihypertensive medications
- ๐ฅ Reduce salt intake and control weight
- ๐ญ Quit smoking and moderate alcohol consumption
- ๐ฉบ Regular monitoring of kidney function
- ๐ฌ Angioplasty for severe renal artery stenosis
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๐งฌ What AidHealth offers
- ๐ Teleconsultation with a nephrologist
- ๐ AI questionnaire to assess blood pressure profile
- ๐ค Monitoring of blood pressure and lab results
- ๐ Personalized dietary advice
- ๐ฒ Treatment and follow-up alerts via the AidHealth app
Nephrotic syndrome
1
๐งช What is nephrotic syndrome?
Nephrotic syndrome is a chronic kidney disease where the kidneys let too much protein pass into the urine. This causes a body imbalance with water retention, fatigue, and risks of infections or blood clots.
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๐ Symptoms to watch for
- ๐ฆต Swelling of the face, legs, or feet (edema)
- ๐ฝ Foamy or cloudy urine
- ๐ Significant loss of protein in the urine (proteinuria)
- ๐ด Severe fatigue
- ๐ง Rapid weight gain due to water retention
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โ ๏ธ Common Causes
- ๐งฌ Primary kidney diseases (e.g., minimal change glomerulonephritis)
- ๐ Diabetes or lupus (secondary syndrome)
- ๐ฆ Infections (HIV, hepatitis B/C, chronic malaria)
- ๐ Nephrotoxic medications
- ๐ถ Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children
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๐จ Emergency Warning Signs
- ๐ Sudden and severe swelling (edema)
- ๐ก๏ธ Fever with abdominal pain
- ๐ฉธ Bloody or very dark urine
- ๐ Uncontrolled high blood pressure
- โ Decreased urine output
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๐ Syndrome Treatment
- ๐ Corticosteroids or immunosuppressants
- ๐ Diuretics to eliminate excess fluid
- โ๏ธ Low-salt and low-protein diet
- ๐ Regular monitoring of urine and albumin levels
- ๐ฉบ Blood pressure and cholesterol control
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๐งฌ What AidHealth Offers
- ๐ Teleconsultation with a nephrologist
- ๐ Digital monitoring of urine and symptoms via AI
- ๐ค Remote prescriptions and lab reports
- ๐ Patient and family education
- ๐ฒ Treatment alerts, reminders, and scheduled consultations
Polycystic kidney disease
1
๐งฌ What is polycystic kidney disease?
Polycystic kidney disease is a genetic disorder characterized by the formation of many fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys. These cysts grow over time and can progressively damage kidney function.
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๐ Common Symptoms
- ๐ฅ Pain in the lower back or side
- ๐ง Blood in the urine (hematuria)
- ๐ Early high blood pressure
- ๐ Progressive decline in kidney function
- ๐ฆ Urinary tract or cyst infections
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โ ๏ธ Genetic Causes
- ๐งฌ Autosomal dominant inheritance (PKD1 or PKD2)
- ๐จโ๐ฉโ๐ง One affected parent = 50% risk for the child
- ๐งช Diagnosis by ultrasound, CT scan, or genetic test
- ๐ Symptoms often appear after age 30
- ๐ Rarer form: autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (in children)
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๐จ Signs Not to Ignore
- ๐ฉธ Visible blood in the urine
- ๐ High blood pressure difficult to control
- โ๏ธ Abnormal abdominal swelling
- ๐ค Frequent kidney pain
- ๐ Progressive loss of kidney function
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๐ Treatment and Follow-up
- ๐ Strict control of blood pressure (ACE inhibitors or ARBs)
- ๐ง Good hydration to prevent infections
- ๐ Regular monitoring of kidney function
- ๐ฅ Treatment of cyst pain or complications
- ๐ฉบ In case of progression: dialysis or kidney transplant
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๐งฌ What AidHealth Offers
- ๐ Teleconsultation with a specialized nephrologist
- ๐ Personalized follow-up with AI (urine, blood pressure, pain)
- ๐ค Prescription of targeted exams or treatments
- ๐ Genetic education and family support
- ๐ฒ Reminder app and remote monitoring
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